VIJDÂN – وجدان
A faculty of man that distinguishes right and wrong, good and evil and takes pleasure from good and right and suffers pain due to wrong and evil. The uncorrupted fitrah of man.
Irâdah, mind, feelings and Rabbânî subtle faculties, which are the four elements of the conscience (Vijdân) and the four faculties of the rûh, each have an ultimate aim. The ultimate aim of the irâdah is ‘ibâdah to Allah; the ultimate aim of mind is ma’rifatullah; the ultimate aim of feelings is the love of Allah; the ultimate aim of subtle faculties is mushâhadatullah1. The perfect ‘ibâdah that is called taqwâ comprises the four of them. Sharî'ah both cultivates and corrects them and directs them towards their ultimate aims.
Damascus Sermon-136
1 (Mushâhadatullah: Observing, perceiving and understanding the manifestation of the names of Allah in His works as though witnessing and seeing Him.) (Tr.)